India and 22 other countries, including Russia, China and the US, have decided to take series of measures which would impose heavy costs on European airlines and plane manufacturers for carbon emission in their atmosphere.

This is in retaliation to European Union's decision to impose a carbon tax on all flights operating on its skies. A joint declaration to this effect was unanimously adopted at a meeting of these countries in Moscow, which asked the EU and its member states to cease application of the directive. Through the directive, the EU has included all flights

operating on its skies in the Emission Trading System (EU ETS) for payment of the carbon tax for CO2 emission. The directive has been effective from January this year.