A US think-tank has said America should publicly expose Pakistan whenever it fails to prevent infiltration across the LoC with India. It also asked US to ensure that Pakistan shut down Jihadi training operations and hold the ISI and military to pledge that they will not abet violent actors in Kashmir. Releasing a report on Indo-US relations ahead of President Barack Obama's visit to New Delhi, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace said, Kashmir issue is a challenge that the US can neither avoid nor resolve as India has the power to rebuff and unwelcome US involvement. The report authored by George Perkovich said, Indian leaders must also do more to correct the mis-governance and human rights abuses that are re-mobilising Muslims in the Kashmir Valley. The report said, US has legitimate strategic interests in urging both India and Pakistan to explore all prospects for normalizing Indo-Pak relations and reducing the threat of violent extremism in South Asia and elsewhere. It said Pakistani elites are adapting to the reality that their country cannot wrest the Valley away from India and that it must negotiate a formula to recognise the territorial status quo and improve the quality of life of Kashmiris on both sides of the Line of Control. The report added that many Pakistanis recognise further that Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh is the leader best suited to find and deliver a package that Indians, Kashmiris, and Pakistanis could live with. The report said one reason why Pakistanis are turning their attention away from Kashmir is that many see Afghanistan as the hotter front for Indo-Pak competition.